The Belgian Armed Forces, encompassing the Land, Air, Naval, and Medical Components, are integral to Belgium’s national defense and its commitments within international alliances such as NATO. As of 2023, the active duty personnel number approximately 23,200, with an additional reserve force of about 5,900.
Demographics and Economic Indicators
Belgium has a population of approximately 11.8 million people and covers a land area of 30,200 square kilometers. In 2022, the defense budget was approximately $6.87 billion, representing 1.18% of the nation’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Land Component
The Land Component operates a variety of equipment, including the Piranha IIIC 8×8 armored personnel carriers, with 242 units acquired between 2008 and 2015. These vehicles serve in multiple roles such as infantry transport, command posts, and medical evacuation. Historically, the force utilized Leopard 1A5(BE) main battle tanks; however, these were retired from service in 2014.
Air Component
The Air Component is undergoing significant modernization. Belgium has committed to procuring 34 F-35A Lightning II aircraft to replace its aging F-16 fleet, with deliveries expected to commence in 2023. Additionally, the country is acquiring two General Atomics MQ-9B SkyGuardian drones to enhance its unmanned aerial capabilities. In June 2024, Belgium ordered 15 Airbus H145M helicopters for the army and two for the federal police, with an option for three additional units.
Naval Component
The Naval Component operates a fleet that includes frigates, minehunters, and support vessels. Belgium collaborates closely with the Royal Netherlands Navy, particularly in the area of mine countermeasure vessels, to maintain maritime security in the North Sea and beyond.
Belgian Defense Modernization Initiatives
Belgium is investing €11 billion in new equipment by 2030, focusing on restoring anti-aircraft defense with €900 million allocated for two ground-to-air missile systems. The Air Component’s helicopter fleet is also set for renewal, with plans to acquire 15 light utility helicopters and 10 heavy transport helicopters, replacing the current Agusta A109 and NH90 TTH fleets.
