The Romanian Armed Forces, known as Forțele Armate Române, comprise the Land Forces, Naval Forces, and Air Force. As of 2023, Romania maintains approximately 71,500 active military personnel and 55,000 reservists.
Demographics and Economic Indicators
Romania’s population stands at approximately 19.3 million people. The nation’s land area encompasses 238,391 square kilometers. In 2023, Romania allocated 2.44% of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to defense expenditures, amounting to roughly $8.48 billion.
Romanian Land Forces
The Romanian Land Forces operate a diverse array of equipment, including domestically produced TR-85M1 “Bizon” main battle tanks and MLI-84M “Jder” infantry fighting vehicles. Additionally, the arsenal comprises approximately 943 tanks, over 1,500 armored vehicles, 808 towed artillery pieces, and 240 rocket projectors. Recent modernization efforts include the procurement of 227 Piranha V armored vehicles, with the initial batch delivered in October 2020.
Romanian Air Force
The Romanian Air Force operates a fleet of F-16AM/BM MLU fighters, acquired to enhance aerial combat capabilities. Transport operations are supported by C-27J Spartan and C-130 Hercules aircraft. Helicopter assets include IAR 330 and IAR 316 models. In pursuit of advanced capabilities, Romania is actively procuring F-35 fifth-generation fighters.
Romanian Naval Forces
The Romanian Naval Forces maintain a fleet comprising three frigates, including two Type 22 frigates acquired from the British Royal Navy, and four corvettes. The River Flotilla operates Mihail Kogălniceanu and Smârdan-class river monitors, ensuring control over the nation’s waterways.
Defense Modernization Initiatives
Romania is actively engaged in defense modernization to enhance its military capabilities. Notable initiatives include the acquisition of K9 self-propelled howitzers from South Korea, valued at $920 million, marking a significant investment in artillery capabilities.
Additionally, Romania has approved the donation of a Patriot missile defense system to Ukraine, reflecting its commitment to regional security and cooperation.
